In ancient Rome the “centurion” meant “captain of 100”, and the Roman centurion was captain over 100 foot soldiers in a legion. The centurion was loyal and courageous, beginning as a soldier in the army and working their way up the ranks. They were noticed by the general for their skill and courage in battle, and were made officers.
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Slavery was deeply ingrained in the social and economic fabric of ancient Rome and Greece, shaping the structure of these societies in significant ways. With vast numbers of enslaved individuals serving as laborers, domestics, and even skilled profes...
During the time of Augustus the boundaries of the Roman empire were the Atlantic on the west, the Euphrates on the east, the deserts of Africa, the cataracts of the Nile and the Arabian deserts on the south, the British Channel, the Rhine, the Danube...
The question of the origins of nations and peoples has fascinated humanity for centuries. From a biblical perspective, the origins of all nations can be traced back to the descendants of Noah’s three sons—Shem, Ham, and Japheth—following the gr...
In ancient Roman religion, Jupiter was the chief of the gods. The name “Jupiter” means “the best and greatest” (Optimus Maximus). He was identified with the Greek god Zeus. Jupiter was the spirit of the sky and worshiped as the god of thunder...
In the Bible, a watchtower, also known as a lookout or watchman's tower, was a raised structure used for surveillance and observation. It served as a strategic vantage point from which watchmen could keep watch over the surrounding area, looking out ...
The Bible mentions Delilah as a woman of the valley of Sorek who Samson loved very much. The Philistines paid her a large sum of money to deceive Samson and entice him into revealing the secret of his great strength. After several attempts she finall...
Matthew 17:1 – After six days, Jesus took with him Peter, James, and John his brother, and brought them up into a high mountain by themselves. In the 4th century AD a tradition was established that Mount Tabor was the scene of the transfiguration a...
Yes there are remains of a Temple of Augustus at the site of ancient Paneas or Caesarea Philippi. This illustration depicts a Temple of Augustus. The temple at Caesarea Philippi would have been built in a similar style. Augustus was fascinated with t...
Ancient Rome is often associated with grand architecture, legendary emperors, and mighty legions. However, the daily life of women in ancient Rome remains an intriguing and less-explored aspect of this civilization. While gender roles and expectation...
The Platform for the Temple compound built by Herod the Great was a monumental feat, considering the steepness of the surrounding terrain. According to scholars the flat platform measured 1041 feet on the north side, 1556 feet on the east side, 929 f...
According to history the Emperor of Rome at the time of Jesus’ birth was Augustus. In 27 B.C., the Senate of Rome voted to give him the title Augustus, which means “the respected one.” He ruled the empire until 14 A.D. In the Bible Luke refers ...
In ancient times beards came in various styles and shapes. In ancient Egypt the beard was a symbol of status, in ancient India the beard was a symbol of dignity. In ancient Assyria, Babylon and Persia the beard was cared for with great detail, they o...
The fall of the Roman Empire was a complex event with multiple contributing factors. Some of the main causes include: Internal Decay and Political Instability: The empire faced a decline in effective leadership, political instability, and corruption ...
The ancient sun dial reveals the hours in a day. It has a surface with hour lines and a stick or gnomon which casts a shadow as the sun advances in its daily course. The sun dial is mentioned in the Bible as far back as the time of King Ahaz. Herodot...
The Battle of Thermopylae stands as one of the most iconic and consequential battles in ancient Greek history. Fought in 480 BCE between an alliance of Greek city-states led by King Leonidas I of Sparta and the Persian Empire under King Xerxes I, thi...
The Arch of Titus is one of Rome’s most famous monuments. It was built to commemorate the victories of Titus and Vespasian in the war against the Jews and their complete destruction in 70 AD. One wall relief inside the arch shows the spoils of the...
The five primary sources we have for the events in the life of Alexander are Diodorus Siculus, Quintus Curtius Rufus, Plutarch, Lucius Flavius Arrianus, and the Alexander Romance. “For I myself believe that there was at that time no race of mankind...
Yes, the Bible mentions the Mediterranean Sea on multiple occasions, as it played a significant role in the geographical and cultural context of the biblical world. Here are a few references: In Exodus 23:31, God promises to give the Israelites the l...
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