- The land of Judea was around 55 miles long by 30 miles wide. It was located in a very high Hill country with deep crevices or valleys running from East to West.

- Judea was divided into five regions: the coastal plain, the Shephelah (the small hills near the coast), the Negev (southern area), the hill country, and the wilderness (En-gedi).

- The Hill country was rough and stony with deep ravines and cliffs, and it will rise to 2500 feet above sea level to a big open plateau similar to where Jerusalem was situated.

- The wilderness was a barren area where the Judean Mountains sloped downward for about 4000 feet very rapidly to the world's deepest land trench 1300 feet below sea level, and this was the region of the Dead Sea. The Essenes were a group of scribes who separated from society, and it was they who were responsible for the Dead Sea Scrolls discovered at Qumran.

- Jerusalem was in the heart of Judea, in the hill country located 2500 feet above sea level on a beautiful rocky plateau.

- The Temple of Herod was located in Judea on Mount Zion in the heart of Jerusalem. The rabbis used to say "He who has not seen Jerusalem in its beauty has not seen a beautiful great city in his whole life, and he who has not seen the Second Temple has not willseen a handsome building in his life."

- On the western side of the city of Jerusalem was the magnificent palace of King Herod with its gardens and baths. This was near the main entrance into the city from the Mediterranean Sea.

- On the northern corner of the Temple Mount stood the fortress of Antonia named after Herod's friend Mark Antony. This was where the Roman soldiers overlooked the Temple and the eastern portion of the city of Jerusalem. Some believe that it was here that Jesus Was tried by Pontius Pilate.